Origins: The Journey from Notsie
The history of Peki is deeply intertwined with the broader story of the Ewe people of West Africa. In the early chapters of its history, the people of Peki were often referred to as the Krepis or Krepe people, terms widely used by early European and Danish explorers to describe inland Ewe-speaking communities east of the Volta River. Oral tradition and historical accounts trace the origins of the people of Peki to the migration of Ewe-speaking communities from Notsie, in present-day Togo, during what historians generally place between the 15th and 17th centuries. This migration was driven largely by the oppressive reign of King Agorkoli, whose tyranny is believed to have compelled many Ewe-speaking groups to flee in search of freedom, dignity, and security. Upon arriving in present-day Ghana, these migrating groups gradually settled across parts of what is now the Volta Region, laying the foundations for several prominent traditional communities including Peki, Ho, Kpando, Taviefe, Agortime, Tsito, Anfoega, and others. Among these settlements, Peki would eventually emerge as one of the most historically significant traditional states.
The Rise of Peki and the Krepi State
By the 18th and 19th centuries, Peki — then commonly associated with the broader Krepi State — had emerged as an influential political and traditional power in the Volta area. Historical accounts suggest that the influence of Peki/Krepi extended far beyond the boundaries of present-day South Dayi, stretching across neighbouring Ewe and non-Ewe communities into areas of present-day Ghana and Togo. Several neighbouring communities are believed to have entered formal arrangements under the wider Peki State, recognising the authority of Kwadzo Dei, King of Krepi, as an influential traditional ruler. The historical importance of Peki became particularly visible during periods of conflict and political restructuring across the region. In 1826, historical records indicate that Peki forces participated in the Battle of Katamanso (Dodowa), one of the most significant conflicts in nineteenth-century Gold Coast history, which weakened the military influence of the Asante Empire in southern Ghana. During much of the nineteenth century, Peki remained an important political centre. However, by the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, changing regional power dynamics led many satellite communities to gradually assert greater autonomy and independence. Modern-day Peki consequently became more concentrated around traditional communities such as Blengo (seat of the Paramount Stool), Avetile, Dzake, Tsame, Aƒeyiwoƒe, Dzogbati, Wudome, Seremase, Agbate, Sanga, Adzokoe, and Anyirawase.
Conflict, Alliance and Cultural Diversity
The history of Peki is also one shaped by interaction, alliance, conflict, and cultural exchange. Prominent scholars, including J.B. Yegbe, have written extensively about the history of the Peki people. According to some historical accounts, following settlement in the region, the people of Peki frequently interacted — and at times came into conflict — with the Akwamus, who had already established influence within nearby territories. Over generations, relationships characterised by warfare, trade, alliance-building, migration, and intermarriage gradually shaped the cultural identity of Peki. Although Peki forms part of the broader Ewe-speaking tradition, many families today bear surnames that may not necessarily trace back exclusively to the earliest Ewe settlers. Surnames such as Afriyie, Amankwa, Ababio, Asamoah, Adu, Nyarko, Opoku, Akoto, and Dei are not uncommon within Peki. Many oral traditions regard centuries of interaction and integration as important contributors to the community's unique social fabric.
Missionary Influence and Colonial Era
The nineteenth century also marked an important turning point in the spiritual and educational history of Peki. On 14 November 1847, Reverend Lorenz Wulf of the North German Mission arrived in Peki, reportedly at the invitation of Prince Nyangamagu, son of Kwadzo Dei II. This moment is widely regarded as significant in the growth of Christian missionary work and formal education in the area. By 1848, missionary-led educational activity had begun to take root, contributing to the gradual spread of literacy, formal schooling, and Christianity across the region. In 1850, the transfer of Danish possessions on the Gold Coast to British administration further reshaped the political landscape of the region. Like many traditional communities, Peki increasingly found itself navigating the realities of colonial administration while maintaining its indigenous systems of leadership and governance.
Peki and the Slave Route
Like many communities situated along historic inland trade corridors, Peki occupied an important geographical position during the era of transatlantic slavery. Historical accounts suggest that routes passing through the region served as important transit points in the movement of enslaved people toward coastal markets. Oral traditions also speak of hidden caves within the surrounding landscape that provided refuge to escaped enslaved persons seeking protection from recapture. Although Peki itself is not generally believed to have directly participated in the slave trade as a commercial centre, historical narratives suggest that local authorities often taxed merchants travelling through trade routes and provided varying forms of security and protection along these corridors. While painful, these histories remain important in understanding the resilience, complexity, and evolution of the Peki people.
Culture, Community and the Spirit of Peki
Yet the story of Peki extends far beyond politics and migration. At its heart, Peki is a vibrant testament to resilience, courage, identity, and communal spirit. Nestled within the scenic landscape of Ghana's Volta Region, Peki reflects a way of life deeply rooted in tradition while embracing modern influences. Community remains central to everyday life, strengthened by social bonds, collective responsibility, and a deep sense of belonging. This spirit becomes especially visible during the celebrated Gbidukor Festival, traditionally held annually around November, when residents and members of the diaspora return home to celebrate the rich history and cultural heritage of the Peki State through music, dance, storytelling, customary rites, and local cuisine. The festival serves not only as a celebration of history, but also as a reaffirmation of identity, unity, and shared belonging across generations.
Economy and Daily Life
Historically and today, agriculture remains central to the economy of Peki. The fertile lands surrounding the community support the cultivation of crops such as cassava, maize, rice, and oil palm, sustaining both livelihoods and local food systems. Alongside agriculture, trade and small-scale entrepreneurship continue to shape everyday life and economic activity within the community. Beyond its economy, Peki continues to be distinguished by its natural beauty. Rolling hills near the Togo mountain range, fertile valleys, and scenic landscapes contribute to the town's distinctive character and enduring appeal.
Peki Today
Today, Peki remains one of the most historically and culturally significant communities in the South Dayi District. It is a community shaped by migration, resilience, political influence, adaptation, and collective identity. Its story reflects not only the history of a people, but also the enduring values of courage, communal responsibility, and pride in place. For residents, members of the diaspora, and visitors alike, Peki is more than a destination. It is a living story — one that continues to unfold with every generation.